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From Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia
Close quarters combat (CQC) or close quarters
battle (CQB) is a type of fighting in which small
units engage the enemy with personal weapons at
very short range, potentially to the point of
hand-to-hand combat or fighting with hand weapons
such as swords or knives. In the typical CQC
scenario, the attackers try a very fast, violent
takeover of a vehicle or structure controlled by
the defenders, who usually have no easy way to
withdraw. Because enemies, hostages/civilians, and
fellow operators can be closely intermingled, CQC
demands a rapid assault and a precise application
of lethal force. The operators need great
proficiency with their weapons, but also the
ability to make split-second decisions in order to
avoid or limit friendly casualties. CQC is defined
as a short-duration, high-intensity conflict,
characterized by sudden violence at close range.
Criminals sometimes use CQC techniques, such as in
an armed robbery or jailbreak, but most of the
terminology comes from training used to prepare
soldiers, police, and other authorities.
Therefore, much CQC material is written from the
perspective of the authorities who must break into
the stronghold where the opposing force (opfor)
have barricaded themselves.
Although there is considerable overlap, CQC is not
synonymous with urban warfare, now sometimes known
by the military acronyms MOUT (military operations
on urban terrain), FIBUA (fighting in built-up
areas) or OBUA (Operations in Built Up Areas) in
the West. Urban warfare is a much larger field,
including logistics and the role of crew-served
weapons like heavy machine guns, mortars, and
mounted grenade launchers, as well as artillery,
armor, and air support. In CQC, the emphasis is on
small infantry units using light, compact weapons
that one man can carry and use easily in tight
spaces, such as carbines, submachine guns,
shotguns, pistols, and knives. As such, CQC is a
tactical concept that forms a part of the
strategic concept of urban warfare, but not every
instance of CQC is necessarily enveloped by urban
warfare—for example, jungle and guerrilla warfare
are potential stages for CQC.
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